Caesalpinia bonduc is one of the pantropical leguminous scandent shrubs which is very popular source of medicine since ancient period by the local people and is studied by several workers for their scientific use. Hence attempts have been made to take collect and compile the information about the traditional use of various parts of C. bonduc in various ailments, chemical constituents from various parts and the effective use of various extracts for treatment of different diseases. There are various ethnomedicinal records available regarding the use of different parts of C. bonduc. In recent years number of workers has made attempts to analyze and characterize the constituents of various parts of C. bonduc and to record their pharmacological activity. The review complies the efforts taken by various workers and enlists the phytoconstituents of C. bonduc including fatty acids, amino acids, glycosides, diterpenes, triterpines , sterols, steroidal saponin, flavinoids etc. Similarly pharmacological records include hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, hypolepidemic, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobical, antitumor, antimalerial, antistress, anticancer drug resistance, diuretic etc. activities of various parts of C. bonduc plant. It can be concluded that C. bonduc can become the best source of medicine in future on various ailments with further investigations.
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